Care linux? Care *nix?

Marius '95

Marius '95

troubleShooter
Am timp liber si vreau sa mai incerc un Linux sau alt *nix? Sugestii?
Nu vreau Gentoo; mi-a ajuns.
Nu vreau nici Ubuntu; prea popular, probabil seamana cu Windows.
Ma gandeam la BSD. Opinii?
 
În ordinea preferințelor mele: openSUSE, Ubuntu, Fedora. Toate trei sînt distribuții mature, cu o comunitate puternică și cu multe aplicații gata împachetate.

„Prea popular” e cu greu un argument.
 
ArchLinux, ca asta s-a downloadat primul
Se putea sa mearga? Doar e linux!
[DEBUG PACMAN PROCEDURE ] Adding choosen mirror (http://mirrorsl.kernel.org/archLinux/$repo/os/$arch) to /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
[DEBUG UI ] inform: Refreshing package database...
:: Synchronizing package databases...
error: failed to init transaction (unable to lock database)
if you're sure a package manager is not already running, you can remove /mnt/uar/lib/pacman/db.lck
[DEBUG UI ] show_warning 'Pacman preparation failure': Pacman preparation failed
! Check /dev/tty7 for errors, (msg)
Click to expand...
PC-BSD la rand.
 
Părerea mea despre calitatea ArchLinux e foarte negativă dar totuși în cazul de mai sus problema este, ca de obicei, PEBKAC, cauzată de necitirea manualului.
 
Nu ştiu când ai trecut la XP (sau dacă ai renunţat la '98!), dar eu zic să-ncerci Win 7 dacă tot n-ai ce face în timpul liber. O să fie ca un preview la ce vei folosi peste 5 ani.
 
Mizerii. Da' oricum el a zis că își pierde timpul așa că ce contează dacă cu ceva bun, sau ceva prost.
 
Da? Hai pe bune, arată-mi altceva decât Puppy Linux care să ruleze într-atât de rapid pe orice computer. Da, știu, tu ai workstation dual procesor :mda:
 
Nu, bah! Windows 7 n-o sa muste din hardurile mele reale. E suficient ca imi mananca 7 GB de .vhd-uri.

Deci PC-BSD:
Dupa ce a mestecat la DVD-ul ala 5 minute, a reusit in sfarsit sa afiseze boot-loader-ul.
Am incercat no-acpi prima data, ca stiu ca facea figuri. S-a blocat. In schimb, acum merge cu acpi. Zic, bine macar ca merge. A mers, dar n-a ajuns departe.

Code: 
# PC-SYSINSTALL LOG
Running: find-update-parts
mount: /dev/ad0s3a : Invalid argument
mount: no : No such file or directory
kern.geom.debugflags: 0 -> 16
Running gpart modify on ad0
Running: gpart modify -t freebsd -i 3 ad0
ad0s3 modified
Cleaning up ad0s3
Running: dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/ad0s3 count=1024
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
524288 bytes transferred in 0.177756 secs (2949484 bytes/sec)
Running: gpart create -s BSD ad0s3
ad0s3 created
Running: gpart add -s 23339M -t freebsd-ufs -i 1 ad0s3
ad0s3a added
Running: gpart bootcode -b /boot/boot ad0s3
bootcode written to ad0s3
ERROR: commitDiskLabel was called without any partition entries for it!
Running: umount -f /mnt
umount: /mnt: not a file system root directory
Running: umount /cdmnt-install
umount: /cdmnt-install: statfs: No such file or directory
umount: /cdmnt-install: unknown file system
Trying DHCP on nfe0  <NVIDIA nForce3 MCP7 Networking Adapter>

# PC-SYSINSTALL CFG 
# Auto-Generated pc-sysinstall configuration
installInteractive=no
installMode=fresh
installType=PCBSD
packageType=uzip

# Doing PC-BSD Install make sure to start xorg-gui at first boot
runCommand=cp /usr/PCBSD/xorg-gui/conf/ttys.xsetup /etc/ttys
runCommand=sh /usr/PCBSD/Scripts/reset-firewall
runExtCommand=cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf ${FSMNT}/usr/PCBSD/xorg-gui/conf/xorg.conf.basic
hostname=GRAPHER
installMedium=dvd
netSaveDev=AUTO-DHCP

# Timezone
timeZone=
enableNTP=yes

# Keyboard Layout Options
localizeKeyModel=pc104
localizeKeyLayout=us U.S.
 
# Disk Setup for ad0
disk0=ad0
partition=s3
bootManager=none
commitDiskPart

# Partition Setup for ad0(s3)
# All sizes are expressed in MB
# Avail FS Types, UFS, UFS+S, UFS+J, ZFS, SWAP
# UFS.eli, UFS+S.eli, UFS+J.eli, ZFS.eli, SWAP.eli
disk0-part=UFS 23339 /
commitDiskLabel


# Optional Components
installComponents=

# Root Password

# Users

# DMESG OUTPUT 
Copyright (c) 1992-2011 The FreeBSD Project.
Copyright (c) 1979, 1980, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994
	The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
FreeBSD is a registered trademark of The FreeBSD Foundation.
FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE #7: Wed Feb 16 13:33:10 PST 2011
    root@build8x64.pcbsd.org:/usr/obj/usr/pcbsd-build82/fbsd-source/8.2/sys/PCBSD amd64
Timecounter "i8254" frequency 1193182 Hz quality 0
CPU: AMD Phenom(tm) II X2 555 Processor (3200.02-MHz K8-class CPU)
  Origin = "AuthenticAMD"  Id = 0x100f43  Family = 10  Model = 4  Stepping = 3
  Features=0x178bfbff<FPU,VME,DE,PSE,TSC,MSR,PAE,MCE,CX8,APIC,SEP,MTRR,PGE,MCA,CMOV,PAT,PSE36,CLFLUSH,MMX,FXSR,SSE,SSE2,HTT>
  Features2=0x802009<SSE3,MON,CX16,POPCNT>
  AMD Features=0xee500800<SYSCALL,NX,MMX+,FFXSR,Page1GB,RDTSCP,LM,3DNow!+,3DNow!>
  AMD Features2=0x37ff<LAHF,CMP,SVM,ExtAPIC,CR8,ABM,SSE4A,MAS,Prefetch,OSVW,IBS,SKINIT,WDT>
  TSC: P-state invariant
real memory  = 2147483648 (2048 MB)
avail memory = 2020831232 (1927 MB)
ACPI APIC Table: <A M I  OEMAPIC >
FreeBSD/SMP: Multiprocessor System Detected: 2 CPUs
FreeBSD/SMP: 1 package(s) x 2 core(s)
 cpu0 (BSP): APIC ID:  0
 cpu1 (AP): APIC ID:  1
ioapic0: Changing APIC ID to 2
ioapic0 <Version 1.1> irqs 0-23 on motherboard
kbd1 at kbdmux0
cryptosoft0: <software crypto> on motherboard
acpi0: <A M I OEMRSDT> on motherboard
acpi0: [ITHREAD]
acpi0: Power Button (fixed)
acpi0: reservation of 0, a0000 (3) failed
acpi0: reservation of 100000, 7ff00000 (3) failed
Timecounter "ACPI-fast" frequency 3579545 Hz quality 1000
acpi_timer0: <24-bit timer at 3.579545MHz> port 0x4008-0x400b on acpi0
cpu0: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
cpu1: <ACPI CPU> on acpi0
pcib0: <ACPI Host-PCI bridge> port 0xcf8-0xcff on acpi0
pci0: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib0
agp0: <NVIDIA nForce3-250 AGP Controller> on hostb0
isab0: <PCI-ISA bridge> at device 1.0 on pci0
isa0: <ISA bus> on isab0
pci0: <serial bus, SMBus> at device 1.1 (no driver attached)
ohci0: <OHCI (generic) USB controller> mem 0xfeafd000-0xfeafdfff irq 20 at device 2.0 on pci0
ohci0: [ITHREAD]
usbus0: <OHCI (generic) USB controller> on ohci0
ohci1: <OHCI (generic) USB controller> mem 0xfeafe000-0xfeafefff irq 21 at device 2.1 on pci0
ohci1: [ITHREAD]
usbus1: <OHCI (generic) USB controller> on ohci1
ehci0: <NVIDIA nForce3 250 USB 2.0 controller> mem 0xfeaffc00-0xfeaffcff irq 22 at device 2.2 on pci0
ehci0: [ITHREAD]
usbus2: EHCI version 1.0
usbus2: <NVIDIA nForce3 250 USB 2.0 controller> on ehci0
nfe0: <NVIDIA nForce3 MCP7 Networking Adapter> port 0xcc00-0xcc07 mem 0xfeafc000-0xfeafcfff irq 20 at device 5.0 on pci0
miibus0: <MII bus> on nfe0
rlphy0: <RTL8201L 10/100 media interface> PHY 1 on miibus0
rlphy0:  10baseT, 10baseT-FDX, 10baseT-FDX-flow, 100baseTX, 100baseTX-FDX, 100baseTX-FDX-flow, auto, auto-flow
nfe0: Ethernet address: 00:19:66:c1:b7:d9
nfe0: [FILTER]
atapci0: <nVidia nForce3 Pro UDMA133 controller> port 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6,0x170-0x177,0x376,0xffa0-0xffaf at device 8.0 on pci0
ata0: <ATA channel 0> on atapci0
ata0: [ITHREAD]
ata1: <ATA channel 1> on atapci0
ata1: [ITHREAD]
atapci1: <nVidia nForce3 Pro SATA150 controller> port 0xf80-0xf87,0xf00-0xf03,0xe80-0xe87,0xe00-0xe03,0xc000-0xc00f,0xb800-0xb87f irq 21 at device 10.0 on pci0
atapci1: [ITHREAD]
ata2: <ATA channel 0> on atapci1
ata2: [ITHREAD]
ata3: <ATA channel 1> on atapci1
ata3: [ITHREAD]
pcib1: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 11.0 on pci0
pci1: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib1
vgapci0: <VGA-compatible display> port 0xd000-0xd0ff mem 0xe8000000-0xefffffff,0xfebe0000-0xfebeffff irq 16 at device 0.0 on pci1
vgapci1: <VGA-compatible display> mem 0xf0000000-0xf7ffffff,0xfebf0000-0xfebfffff at device 0.1 on pci1
pcib2: <ACPI PCI-PCI bridge> at device 14.0 on pci0
pci2: <ACPI PCI bus> on pcib2
pci2: <multimedia, audio> at device 9.0 (no driver attached)
acpi_button0: <Power Button> on acpi0
atrtc0: <AT realtime clock> port 0x70-0x71 irq 8 on acpi0
fdc0: <floppy drive controller (FDE)> port 0x3f0-0x3f5,0x3f7 irq 6 drq 2 on acpi0
fdc0: [FILTER]
fd0: <1440-KB 3.5" drive> on fdc0 drive 0
ppc0: <Parallel port> port 0x378-0x37f,0x778-0x77f irq 7 drq 3 on acpi0
ppc0: SMC-like chipset (ECP/EPP/PS2/NIBBLE) in COMPATIBLE mode
ppc0: FIFO with 16/16/9 bytes threshold
ppc0: [ITHREAD]
ppbus0: <Parallel port bus> on ppc0
plip0: <PLIP network interface> on ppbus0
plip0: [ITHREAD]
lpt0: <Printer> on ppbus0
lpt0: [ITHREAD]
lpt0: Interrupt-driven port
ppi0: <Parallel I/O> on ppbus0
atkbdc0: <Keyboard controller (i8042)> port 0x60,0x64 irq 1 on acpi0
atkbd0: <AT Keyboard> irq 1 on atkbdc0
kbd0 at atkbd0
atkbd0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
atkbd0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: <PS/2 Mouse> flags 0x1000 irq 12 on atkbdc0
psm0: [GIANT-LOCKED]
psm0: [ITHREAD]
psm0: model IntelliMouse Explorer, device ID 4
uart0: <16550 or compatible> port 0x3f8-0x3ff irq 4 flags 0x10 on acpi0
uart0: [FILTER]
orm0: <ISA Option ROM> at iomem 0xc0000-0xccfff on isa0
sc0: <System console> at flags 0x100 on isa0
sc0: VGA <16 virtual consoles, flags=0x300>
vga0: <Generic ISA VGA> at port 0x3c0-0x3df iomem 0xa0000-0xbffff on isa0
hwpstate0: <Cool`n'Quiet 2.0> on cpu0
ZFS NOTICE: Prefetch is disabled by default if less than 4GB of RAM is present;
            to enable, add "vfs.zfs.prefetch_disable=0" to /boot/loader.conf.
ZFS filesystem version 4
ZFS storage pool version 15
Timecounters tick every 1.000 msec
md0: Preloaded image </boot/mfsroot> 28672000 bytes at 0xffffffff8119e498
usbus0: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus1: 12Mbps Full Speed USB v1.0
usbus2: 480Mbps High Speed USB v2.0
ad0: 476940MB <WDC WD5000AAJB-00YRA0 12.01C02> at ata0-master UDMA100 
ugen0.1: <nVidia> at usbus0
uhub0: <nVidia OHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus0
ugen1.1: <nVidia> at usbus1
uhub1: <nVidia OHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 1.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus1
ugen2.1: <nVidia> at usbus2
uhub2: <nVidia EHCI root HUB, class 9/0, rev 2.00/1.00, addr 1> on usbus2
acd0: CDRW <CD-W540E/1.0K> at ata1-master UDMA33 
acd1: DVDR <NEC DVD RW ND-4570A/1.03> at ata1-slave UDMA33 
SMP: AP CPU #1 Launched!
uhub0: 4 ports with 4 removable, self powered
uhub1: 4 ports with 4 removable, self powered
uhub2: 8 ports with 8 removable, self powered
cd0 at ata1 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
cd0: <TEAC CD-W540E 1.0K> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device 
cd0: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd0: cd present [156822 x 2048 byte records]
cd1 at ata1 bus 0 scbus1 target 1 lun 0
cd1: <_NEC DVD_RW ND-4570A 1.03> Removable CD-ROM SCSI-0 device 
cd1: 33.000MB/s transfers
cd1: cd present [2295104 x 2048 byte records]
ugen2.2: <Generic> at usbus2
umass0: <Bulk-In, Bulk-Out, Interface> on usbus2
umass0:  SCSI over Bulk-Only; quirks = 0x0000
umass0:2:0:-1: Attached to scbus2
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): TEST UNIT READY. CDB: 0 0 0 0 0 0 
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): CAM status: SCSI Status Error
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): SCSI status: Check Condition
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:0): SCSI sense: NOT READY asc:3a,0 (Medium not present)
da0 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
da0: <Generic- Compact Flash 1.00> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da0: 40.000MB/s transfers
da0: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:1): TEST UNIT READY. CDB: 0 20 0 0 0 0 
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:1): CAM status: SCSI Status Error
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:1): SCSI status: Check Condition
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:1): SCSI sense: NOT READY asc:3a,0 (Medium not present)
da1 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 1
da1: <Generic- SM/xD-Picture 1.00> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da1: 40.000MB/s transfers
da1: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
ugen1.2: <vendor 0x0d8c> at usbus1
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:2): TEST UNIT READY. CDB: 0 40 0 0 0 0 
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:2): CAM status: SCSI Status Error
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:2): SCSI status: Check Condition
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:2): SCSI sense: NOT READY asc:3a,0 (Medium not present)
da2 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 2
da2: <Generic- SD/MMC 1.00> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da2: 40.000MB/s transfers
da2: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:3): TEST UNIT READY. CDB: 0 60 0 0 0 0 
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:3): CAM status: SCSI Status Error
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:3): SCSI status: Check Condition
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:3): SCSI sense: NOT READY asc:3a,0 (Medium not present)
da3 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 3
da3: <Generic- MS/MS-Pro/HG 1.00> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da3: 40.000MB/s transfers
da3: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:4): TEST UNIT READY. CDB: 0 80 0 0 0 0 
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:4): CAM status: SCSI Status Error
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:4): SCSI status: Check Condition
(probe0:umass-sim0:0:0:4): SCSI sense: NOT READY asc:3a,0 (Medium not present)
da4 at umass-sim0 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 4
da4: <Generic- SD/MMC/MS/MSPRO 1.00> Removable Direct Access SCSI-0 device 
da4: 40.000MB/s transfers
da4: Attempt to query device size failed: NOT READY, Medium not present
Trying to mount root from ufs:/dev/ufs/ROOTFS
md7.uzip: 14481 x 65536 blocks
/tmp: optimization changed from SPACE to TIME
nfe0: link state changed to DOWN
nfe0: link state changed to UP

# MOUNT OUTPUT 
/dev/ufs/ROOTFS on / (ufs, local)
devfs on /dev (devfs, local, multilabel)
/dev/md6 on /tmp (ufs, local)
/dev/md2 on /uzip (ufs, local)
/dev/md7.uzip on /usr (ufs, local, read-only)
/root/SysInstaller on /usr/PCBSD/SysInstaller (nullfs, local)
/root/pc-sysinstall on /usr/PCBSD/pc-sysinstall (nullfs, local)

Puppy Linux sa fie urmatorul.
 
Neo said:
Da? Hai pe bune, arată-mi altceva decât Puppy Linux care să ruleze într-atât de rapid pe orice computer. Da, știu, tu ai workstation dual procesor :mda:
Click to expand...

Toate Linuxurile rulează la fel de repede. Întrebarea e ce rulează. Și răspunsul e că poate să ruleze orice. Dacă ți se pare că Puppy Linux rulează repede înseamnă că orice altceva care ar rula același set de software cum aparent rulează Puppy Linux default ar rula la fel de repede, și acel ceva poate fi ceva care nu suge.

Dacă vrei ceva care default nu rulează nimic inutil, atunci orice BSD face asta, și face asta fără să fie un produs inutil. Și folosesc în fiecare zi un ThinkPad cu Pentium2 și 128MB RAM.
 
_~_ said:
Toate Linuxurile rulează la fel de repede. Întrebarea e ce rulează. Și răspunsul e că poate să ruleze orice. Dacă ți se pare că Puppy Linux rulează repede înseamnă că orice altceva care ar rula același set de software cum aparent rulează Puppy Linux default ar rula la fel de repede, și acel ceva poate fi ceva care nu suge.
Click to expand...
Nu, Linuxurile rulează diferit complet unul de altul. Ubuntu de exemplu, este printre cele mai lente pe partea de grafică. Ceea ce încerci tu să-mi explici, pe lângă faptul că folosind o pisică nu poți bate cuie, este că toate distribuțiile de Linux sunt la fel, ceea ce este fals.

_~_ said:
Dacă vrei ceva care default nu rulează nimic inutil, atunci orice BSD face asta, și face asta fără să fie un produs inutil. Și folosesc în fiecare zi un ThinkPad cu Pentium2 și 128MB RAM.
Click to expand...
Dacă mai văd pe unul că pune egal între BSD și Linux îl îmbăt bine, măcar atunci are o scuză :D
 
Ba da, toate distribuțiile de Linux sunt la fel din punct de vedere al performanței. Variațiile minore de versiuni de programe și de opțiuni de compilare fac variații minore de performanță dar sunt absolut minore și indetectabile pentru un non-guru care nu e expert în a măsura performanța. Rulează același lucru și vei obține aceeași performanță. Nu compara mere cu pere, Ubuntu default rulează cu totul alt software grafic comparativ cu Puppy Linux. Rulează ce rulează Puppy Linux pe Ubuntu și va merge la fel de bine, rulează ce rulează Ubuntu pe Puppy Linux și va merge la fel de prost.

Diferențe dintre distribuții există, altfel nu aș fi clasat Puppy Linux la categoria mizerii, dar diferențele sunt de alt tip, nu performanță.

Nu pune nimeni egal între Linux și BSD dar aici se discută despre orice Unix sau orice clonă Unix, nu numai despre Linux.
 
Când toate sistemele de operare ce le încerci au dificultăți să ruleze pe calculatorul tău, nu știu de ce am impresia că problema nu e de la sistemele de operare :D
 
"Nu-i tigara ca Snagovu / Si nici Linux ca Slackware-ul"
(cantec din batrani)

Daca tot ai timp liber uita-te si pe el, ca-s curios pe unde au mai ajuns acum si n-am timp sa ma uit personal.
 
termita said:
curios pe unde au mai ajuns acum si n-am timp sa ma uit personal.
Click to expand...

A, nu au. Slackware e făcut de un singur om. Nu-i nimic de văzut la el, cu singuranță e mai puțin de văzut la Slackware azi comparativ cu acum 15 ani.
 
In sfarsit un linux care merge: Puppy. Si se si misca repede, in ciuda faptului ca totul este HTML.
Si mi-a placut ca are help aproape relevant, spre deosebire de celelalte care n-aveau deloc.

Acum ziceti-mi si mie cum aliniez icon-urile pe desktop. Unde-s optiunile "Align to grid" si "Auto arrange"?
Cum setez dublu-click pe butonul 3 al mouse-ului si butonul 3 pe butonul 4?
Echivalenti pentru Total Commander cu plugin-uri, Winamp cu plugin-uri, WMP Classic, Miranda IM cu plugin-uri?
Cum salvez configuratia (backup-ul setarilor)?

PS: Si de unde iau niste icon-uri mai sobre, nu din alea de gradinita?
 
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